2008
|
|
w14509 |
Diego A. Comin
|
An Exploration of the Japanese Slowdown during the 1990s |
|
w14497 |
Gordon H. Hanson Raymond Robertson
|
China and the Manufacturing Exports of Other Developing Countries |
|
w14495 |
Irene Brambilla Guido Porto Alessandro Tarozzi
|
Adjusting to Trade Policy: Evidence from U.S. Antidumping Duties on Vietnamese Catfish |
|
w14493 |
Sibylle H. Lehmann Kevin H. O'Rourke
|
The Structure of Protection and Growth in the Late 19th Century |
|
w14491 |
Maria Guadalupe Julie Wulf
|
The Flattening Firm and Product Market Competition: The Effect of Trade Liberalization |
|
w14490 |
Gordon H. Hanson
|
The Economic Consequences of the International Migration of Labor |
|
w14481 |
Yuriy Gorodnichenko Jan Svejnar Katherine Terrell
|
Globalization and innovation in emerging markets |
|
w14478 |
Elhanan Helpman Oleg Itskhoki Stephen Redding
|
Inequality and Unemployment in a Global Economy |
|
w14461 |
Gordon H. Hanson Chong Xiang
|
Testing the Melitz Model of Trade: An Application to U.S. Motion Picture Exports |
|
w14460 |
Huifang Tian John Whalley
|
China's Participation in Global Environmental Negotiations |
|
w14453 |
Joshua Aizenman Yothin Jinjarak
|
The US as the "Demander of Last Resort" and its Implications on China's Current Account |
|
w14431 |
Yan Dong John Whalley
|
Carbon, Trade Policy, and Carbon Free Trade Areas |
|
w14425 |
Gene M. Grossman Esteban Rossi-Hansberg
|
External Economies and International Trade Redux |
|
w14423 |
James E. Anderson Yoto V. Yotov
|
The Changing Incidence of Geography |
|
w14418 |
Maurice Kugler Eric Verhoogen
|
The Quality-Complementarity Hypothesis: Theory and Evidence from Colombia |
|
w14416 |
Pinelopi K. Goldberg Amit Khandelwal Nina Pavcnik Petia Topalova
|
Imported Intermediate Inputs and Domestic Product Growth: Evidence from India |
|
w14344 |
Joshua Aizenman Jake Kendall
|
The Internationalization of Venture Capital and Private Equity |
|
w14305 |
Richard E. Baldwin Tadashi Ito
|
Quality competition versus price competition goods: An empirical classification |
|
w14285 |
Pol Antràs Robert W. Staiger
|
Offshoring and the Role of Trade Agreements |
|
w14264 |
Antoni Estevadeordal Alan M. Taylor
|
Is the Washington Consensus Dead? Growth, Openness, and the Great Liberalization, 1970s-2000s |
|
w14262 |
Pol Antràs Esteban Rossi-Hansberg
|
Organizations and Trade |
|
w14214 |
Costas Arkolakis
|
Market Penetration Costs and the New Consumers Margin in International Trade |
|
w14188 |
Gianmarco I.P. Ottaviano Giovanni Peri
|
Immigration and National Wages: Clarifying the Theory and the Empirics |
|
w14139 |
David S. Jacks Krishna Pendakur
|
Global Trade and the Maritime Transport Revolution |
|
w14129 |
Pol Antràs Gerard Padró i Miquel
|
Foreign Influence and Welfare |
|
w14127 |
Pinelopi K. Goldberg Amit Khandelwal Nina Pavcnik Petia Topalova
|
Multi-product Firms and Product Turnover in the Developing World: Evidence from India |
|
w14121 |
Robert E. Lipsey
|
Measuring the Location of Production in a World of Intangible Productive Assets, FDI, and Intrafirm Trade |
|
w14109 |
Robert Koopman Zhi Wang Shang-Jin Wei
|
How Much of Chinese Exports is Really Made In China? Assessing Domestic Value-Added When Processing Trade is Pervasive |
|
w14106 |
Mary Amiti Donald R. Davis
|
Trade, Firms, and Wages: Theory and Evidence |
|
w14088 |
Pierre-Richard Agenor Joshua Aizenman
|
Capital Market Imperfections and the Theory of Optimum Currency Areas |
|
w14079 |
Ram C. Acharya Wolfgang Keller
|
Estimating the Productivity Selection and Technology Spillover Effects of Imports |
|
w14077 |
Gregory Clark Kevin H. O'Rourke Alan M. Taylor
|
Made in America? The New World, the Old, and the Industrial Revolution |
|
w14072 |
Stephen Yeaple
|
Firm Heterogeneity and the Structure of U.S. Multinational Activity: An Empirical Analysis |
|
w14069 |
David T. Coe Elhanan Helpman Alexander W. Hoffmaister
|
International R&D Spillovers and Institutions |
|
w14067 |
Giovanni Maggi Robert W. Staiger
|
On the Role and Design of Dispute Settlement Procedures in International Trade Agreements |
|
w14061 |
Runjuan Liu Daniel Trefler
|
Much Ado About Nothing: American Jobs and the Rise of Service Outsourcing to China and India |
|
w14056 |
Richard Baldwin
|
Big-Think Regionalism: A Critical Survey |
|
w14046 |
James E. Anderson
|
Consistent Trade Policy Aggregation |
|
w14045 |
James E. Anderson
|
Does Trade Foster Contract Enforcement? |
|
w14039 |
Karin Mayr Giovanni Peri
|
Return Migration as a Channel of Brain Gain |
|
w14034 |
Sebastian Edwards
|
Globalization, Growth and Crises: The View from Latin America |
|
w14025 |
Ben Lockwood John Whalley
|
Carbon Motivated Border Tax Adjustments: Old Wine in Green Bottles? |
|
w14024 |
Hany Besada Yang Wang John Whalley
|
China's Growing Economic Activity in Africa |
|
w14017 |
Christian Broda David E. Weinstein
|
Understanding International Price Differences Using Barcode Data |
|
w13988 |
Andrew K. Rose Mark M. Spiegel
|
Non-Economic Engagement and International Exchange: The Case of Environmental Treaties |
|
w13984 |
Jiandong Ju Shang-Jin Wei
|
When Is Quality of Financial System a Source of Comparative Advantage? |
|
w13933 |
Costas Arkolakis Svetlana Demidova Peter J. Klenow Andrés Rodríguez-Clare
|
Endogenous Variety and the Gains from Trade |
|
w13963 |
James Harrigan Haiyan Deng
|
China's Local Comparative Advantage |
|
w13957 |
Ivan Cherkashin Svetlana Demidova Susumu Imai Kala Krishna
|
The Inside Scoop: Acceptance and Rejection at the Journal of International Economics |
|
w13959 |
Gustavo Crespi Chiara Criscuolo Jonathan E. Haskel Matthew Slaughter
|
Productivity Growth, Knowledge Flows, and Spillovers |
|
w13958 |
Jikun Huang Yu Liu Will Martin Scott Rozelle
|
Agricultural Trade Reform and Rural Prosperity: Lessons from China |
|
w13952 |
Martin S. Feldstein
|
Resolving the Global Imbalance: The Dollar and the U.S. Saving Rate |
|
w13942 |
David Weinstein Christian Broda
|
Exporting Deflation? Chinese Exports and Japanese Prices |
|
w13921 |
Joshua Aizenman Yothin Jinjarak
|
Current Account Patterns and National Real Estate Markets |
|
w13918 |
Niall Ferguson Moritz Schularick
|
The "Thin Film Of Gold": Monetary Rules and Policy Credibility In Developing Countries |
|
w13913 |
Wolfgang Keller Carol H. Shiue
|
Tariffs, Trains, and Trade: The Role of Institutions versus Technology in the Expansion of Markets |
|
w13908 |
Kristin J. Forbes
|
Why do Foreigners Invest in the United States? |
|
w13900 |
Susumu Imai Hajime Katayama Kala Krishna
|
A Quantile-based Test of Protection for Sale Model |
|
w13899 |
Susumu Imai Hajime Katayama Kala Krishna
|
Is Protection Really for Sale? A Survey and Directions for Future Research |
|
w13891 |
Joshua Aizenman Kenneth Kletzer
|
The Life Cycle of Scholars and Papers in Economics -- the "Citation Death Tax" |
|
w13887 |
George J. Borjas Jeffrey Grogger Gordon H. Hanson
|
Imperfect Substitution between Immigrants and Natives: A Reappraisal |
|
w13880 |
Peter Blair Henry Diego Sasson
|
Capital Account Liberalization, Real Wages, and Productivity |
|
w13860 |
Judith M. Dean Mary E. Lovely
|
Trade Growth, Production Fragmentation, and China's Environment |
|
w13853 |
Joshua Aizenman Jaewoo Lee
|
The Real Exchange Rate, Mercantilism and the Learning by Doing Externality |
|
w13851 |
Francesco D'Amuri Gianmarco I.P. Ottaviano Giovanni Peri
|
The Labor Market Impact of Immigration in Western Germany in the 1990's |
|
w13846 |
Robert Dekle Jonathan Eaton Samuel Kortum
|
Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment |
|
w13831 |
Barry Eichengreen Douglas A. Irwin
|
International Economic Policy: Was There a Bush Doctrine? |
|
w13821 |
Jeffrey Grogger Gordon H. Hanson
|
Income Maximization and the Selection and Sorting of International Migrants |
|
w13820 |
Linda S. Goldberg Cédric Tille
|
Macroeconomic Interdependence and the International Role of the Dollar |
|
w13814 |
Charles Engel Jian Wang
|
International Trade in Durable Goods: Understanding Volatility, Cyclicality, and Elasticities |
|
w13807 |
Juan Carlos Hallak Peter K. Schott
|
Estimating Cross-Country Differences in Product Quality |
|
w13792 |
Selim Elekdag Rene Lalonde Douglas Laxton Dirk Muir Paolo Pesenti
|
Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment |
|
w13790 |
George Alessandria Joseph Kaboski Virgiliu Midrigan
|
Inventories, Lumpy Trade, and Large Devaluations |
|
w13771 |
Zhi Wang Shang-Jin Wei
|
What Accounts for the Rising Sophistication of China's Exports? |
|
w13742 |
Eduardo Engel Ronald Fischer
|
Optimal Resource Extraction Contracts Under Threat of Expropriation |
|
w13734 |
Joshua Aizenman Yi Sun
|
Globalization and the Sustainability of Large Current Account Imbalances: Size Matters |
|
w13731 |
Ariel Burstein Christopher Kurz Linda Tesar
|
Trade, Production Sharing, and the International Transmission of Business Cycles |
2007
|
|
w13703 |
Robert Feenstra Hong Ma
|
Optimal Choice of Product Scope for Multiproduct Firms under Monopolistic Competition |
|
w13698 |
Hiau Looi Kee Kala Krishna
|
Firm Level Heterogeneous Productivity and Demand Shocks: Evidence from Bangladesh |
|
w13691 |
Arnaud Costinot Ivana Komunjer
|
What Goods Do Countries Trade? New Ricardian Predictions |
|
w13688 |
Svetlana Demidova Andrés Rodríguez-Clare
|
Trade Policy under Firm-Level Heterogeneity in a Small Economy |
|
w13686 |
Jan Eeckhout Boyan Jovanovic
|
Occupational Choice and Development |
|
w13675 |
Gordon H. Hanson Craig McIntosh
|
The Great Mexican Emigration |
|
w13671 |
Bruce A. Blonigen Benjamin H. Liebman Wesley W. Wilson
|
Trade Policy and Market Power: The Case of the US Steel Industry |
|
w13662 |
Andres Rodriguez-Clare
|
Trade, Diffusion and the Gains from Openness |
|
w13631 |
Susana Iranzo Giovanni Peri
|
Migration and Trade in a World of Technological Differences: Theory with an Application to Eastern-Western European Integration |
|
w13628 |
Tibor Besedes Thomas J. Prusa
|
The Role of Extensive and Intensive Margins and Export Growth |
|
w13620 |
Paul R. Bergin Robert C. Feenstra
|
Pass-through of Exchange Rates and Competition Between Floaters and Fixers |
|
w13618 |
Hongbin Cai Yasuyuki Todo Li-An Zhou
|
Do Multinationals' R&D Activities Stimulate Indigenous Entrepreneurship? Evidence from China's "Silicon Valley" |
|
w13616 |
Arik Levinson
|
Technology, International Trade, and Pollution from U.S. Manufacturing |
|
w13612 |
Fabrice Collard Harris Dellas Behzad Diba Alan Stockman
|
Goods Trade and International Equity Portfolios |
|
w13659 |
Katheryn Niles Russ
|
Exchange Rate Volatility and First-Time Entry by Multinational Firms |
|
w13602 |
Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas Olivier Jeanne
|
Capital Flows to Developing Countries: The Allocation Puzzle |
|
w13581 |
John Whalley Li Wang
|
Evaluating the Impure Chinese VAT Relative to a Pure Form in a Simple Monetary Trade Model with an Endogenous Trade Surplus |
|
w13577 |
Michael D. Bordo Christopher M. Meissner
|
Foreign Capital and Economic Growth in the First Era of Globalization |
|
w13552 |
Robert C. Feenstra Chang Hong
|
China's Exports and Employment |
|
w13531 |
Jonathan Eaton Marcela Eslava Maurice Kugler James Tybout
|
Export Dynamics in Colombia: Firm-Level Evidence |
|
w13515 |
Ellen McGrattan Edward C. Prescott
|
Openness, Technology Capital, and Development |
|
w13470 |
Lee Branstetter C. Fritz Foley
|
Facts and Fallacies about U.S. FDI in China |
|
w13465 |
Erhan Artuc Shubham Chaudhuri John McLaren
|
Trade Shocks and Labor Adjustment: A Structural Empirical Approach |
|
w13464 |
Shubham Chaudhuri John McLaren
|
Some Simple Analytics of Trade and Labor Mobility |
|
w13463 |
Stephen Cameron Shubham Chaudhuri John McLaren
|
Trade Shocks and Labor Adjustment: Theory |
|
w13450 |
Douglas A. Irwin
|
Trade Restrictiveness and Deadweight Losses from U.S. Tariffs, 1859-1961 |
|
w13447 |
Laura Alfaro Andrew Charlton
|
Intra-Industry Foreign Direct Investment |
|
w13446 |
Raymond Fisman Shang-Jin Wei
|
The Smuggling of Art, and the Art of Smuggling: Uncovering the Illicit Trade in Cultural Property and Antiques |
|
w13432 |
Gita Gopinath Oleg Itskhoki Roberto Rigobon
|
Currency Choice and Exchange Rate Pass-through |
|
w13424 |
Nicolas Coeurdacier Robert Kollmann Philippe Martin
|
International Portfolios with Supply, Demand and Redistributive Shocks |
|
w13400 |
Pierre-Richard Agénor Joshua Aizenman
|
Aid Volatility and Poverty Traps |
|
w13395 |
Jorge Balat Irene Brambilla Guido Porto
|
Realizing the Gains From Trade: Export Crops, Marketing Costs, and Poverty |
|
w13389 |
Giovanni Peri Chad Sparber
|
Task Specialization, Comparative Advantages, and the Effects of Immigration on Wages |
|
w13388 |
Jiandong Ju Shang-Jin Wei
|
Current Account Adjustment: Some New Theory and Evidence |
|
w13376 |
Bruce Blonigen Alyson Ma
|
Please Pass the Catch-up The Relative Performance of Chinese and Foreign Firms in Chinese Exports |
|
w13367 |
Nathan Nunn
|
The Long-Term Effects of Africa's Slave Trades |
|
w13365 |
Elhanan Helpman Oleg Itskhoki
|
Labor Market Rigidities, Trade and Unemployment |
|
w13353 |
Mark Aguiar Manuel Amador Gita Gopinath
|
Investment Cycles and Sovereign Debt Overhang |
|
w13349 |
Chad P. Bown
|
China's WTO Entry: Antidumping, Safeguards, and Dispute Settlement |
|
w13346 |
Irene Brambilla Amit Khandelwal Peter Schott
|
China's Experience Under the Multifiber Arrangement (MFA) and the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) |
|
w13332 |
Margaret S. McMillan Andrew R. Waxman
|
Profit Sharing Between Governments and Multinationals in Natural Resource Extraction: Evidence From a Firm-Level Panel |
|
w13326 |
Andrew Atkeson Ariel Burstein
|
Innovation, firm dynamics, and international trade |
|
w13315 |
Simon Gilchrist Jae W. Sim
|
Investment during the Korean Financial Crisis: A Structural Econometric Analysis |
|
w13297 |
Alla Lileeva Daniel Trefler
|
Improved Access to Foreign Markets Raises Plant-Level Productivity ... for Some Plants |
|
w13281 |
Mihir A. Desai Dhammika Dharmapala
|
Taxes and Portfolio Choice: Evidence from JGTRRA's Treatment of International Dividends |
|
w13277 |
Joshua Aizenman
|
Large Hoarding of International Reserves and the Emerging Global Economic Architecture |
|
w13271 |
Deborah L. Swenson
|
Multinationals and the Creation of Chinese Trade Linkages |
|
w13258 |
Orley Ashenfelter Stephen Ciccarella Howard J. Shatz
|
French Wine and the U.S. Boycott of 2003: Does Politics Really Affect Commerce? |
|
w13248 |
John H. Mutti Harry Grubert
|
The Effect of Taxes on Royalties and the Migration of Intangible Assets Abroad |
|
w13241 |
Pol Antràs Ricardo J. Caballero
|
Trade and Capital Flows: A Financial Frictions Perspective |
|
w13239 |
Robert E. Lipsey Birgitta Swedenborg
|
Explaining Product Price Differences Across Countries |
|
w13222 |
Garth Frazer Johannes Van Biesebroeck
|
Trade Growth under the African Growth and Opportunity Act |
|
w13214 |
Richard Baldwin James Harrigan
|
Zeros, Quality and Space: Trade Theory and Trade Evidence |
|
w13209 |
Kiminori Matsuyama
|
Aggregate Implications of Credit Market Imperfections |
|
w13203 |
Andrés Rodríguez-Clare
|
Offshoring in a Ricardian World |
|
w13183 |
Pinelopi K. Goldberg Rebecca Hellerstein
|
A Framework for Identifying the Sources of Local-Currency Price Stability with an Empirical Application |
|
w13170 |
James E. Rauch
|
Development Through Synergistic Reform |
|
w13167 |
Abhijit Banerjee Sebastian Galiani Jim Levinsohn Zoë McLaren Ingrid Woolard
|
Why Has Unemployment Risen in the New South Africa |
|
w13155 |
Jan De Loecker
|
Product Differentiation, Multi-product Firms and Estimating the Impact of Trade Liberalization on Productivity |
|
w13149 |
Devashish Mitra Priya Ranjan
|
Offshoring and Unemployment |
|
w13144 |
Paul R. Bergin Robert C. Feenstra Gordon H. Hanson
|
Outsourcing and Volatility |
|
w13139 |
Donald R. Davis James Harrigan
|
Good Jobs, Bad Jobs, and Trade Liberalization |
|
w13132 |
Mihir A. Desai Dhammika Dharmapala
|
Taxes, Institutions and Foreign Diversification Opportunities |
|
w13130 |
Edward J. Balistreri James R. Markusen
|
Sub-national Differentiation and the Role of the Firm in Optimal International Pricing |
|
w13118 |
Laura Alfaro Andrew Charlton
|
International Financial Integration and Entrepreneurial Firm Activity |
|
w13114 |
Martin Feldstein
|
Why is the Dollar So High? |
|
w13094 |
Assaf Razin Efraim Sadka
|
Productivity and Taxes as Drivers of FDI |
|
w13086 |
Ram C. Acharya Wolfgang Keller
|
Technology Transfer through Imports |
|
w13085 |
Nicholas Bloom Raffaella Sadun John Van Reenen
|
Americans Do I.T. Better: US Multinationals and the Productivity Miracle |
|
w13084 |
Joshua Aizenman Mark Spiegel
|
Takeoffs |
|
w13073 |
Ariel Burstein Alexander Monge-Naranjo
|
Foreign Know-How, Firm Control, and the Income of Developing Countries |
|
w13062 |
Alejandro Cuñat Marc J. Melitz
|
Volatility, Labor Market Flexibility, and the Pattern of Comparative Advantage |
|
w13057 |
Kevin H. O'Rourke Ahmed S. Rahman Alan M. Taylor
|
Trade, Knowledge, and the Industrial Revolution |
|
w13055 |
Joan R. Rosés Kevin H. O'Rourke Jeffrey G. Williamson
|
Globalization, Growth and Distribution in Spain 1500-1913 |
|
w13054 |
Andrew B. Bernard J. Bradford Jensen Stephen J. Redding Peter K. Schott
|
Firms in International Trade |
|
w13048 |
John Romalis
|
Market Access, Openness and Growth |
|
w13041 |
Christian Broda David E. Weinstein
|
Product Creation and Destruction: Evidence and Price Implications |
|
w13040 |
Kala Krishna Ling H. Tan
|
Trade Policy with Heterogeneous Traders: Do Quotas Get a Bum Rap? |
|
w13037 |
Anna Maria Mayda Kevin H. O'Rourke Richard Sinnott
|
Risk, Government and Globalization: International Survey Evidence |
|
w13035 |
Robert Dekle Jonathan Eaton Samuel Kortum
|
Unbalanced Trade |
|
w13033 |
Lee Branstetter Raymond Fisman C. Fritz Foley Kamal Saggi
|
Intellectual Property Rights, Imitation, and Foreign Direct Investment: Theory and Evidence |
|
w13023 |
John Whalley Xian Xin
|
Regionalization, Changes in Home Bias, and the Growth of World Trade |
|
w13020 |
Shang-Jin Wei Zhiwei Zhang
|
Collateral Damage: Exchange Controls and International Trade |
|
w13001 |
Nikolaj Malchow-Møller James R. Markusen Bertel Schjerning
|
Foreign Firms, Domestic Wages |
|
w12996 |
Robert E. Lipsey
|
Defining and Measuring the Location of FDI Output |
|
w12991 |
Richard Baldwin Frederic Robert-Nicoud
|
Offshoring: General Equilibrium Effects on Wages, Production and Trade |
|
w12980 |
Marc-Andreas Muendler
|
Trade and Workforce Changeover in Brazil |
|
w12971 |
Mary Amiti John Romalis
|
Will the Doha Round Lead to Preference Erosion? |
|
w12969 |
M. Scott Taylor
|
Buffalo Hunt: International Trade and the Virtual Extinction of the North American Bison |
|
w12968 |
Margaret K. Kyle
|
Strategic Responses to Parallel Trade |
|
w12961 |
Morten Ravn Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe Martin Uribe
|
Incomplete Cost Pass-Through Under Deep Habits |
|
w12956 |
Giovanni Peri
|
Immigrants' Complementarities and Native Wages: Evidence from California |
|
w12950 |
Svetlana Demidova Kala Krishna
|
Firm Heterogeneity and Firm Behavior with Conditional Policies |
|
w12949 |
Svetlana Demidova Kala Krishna
|
Trade and Trade Policy with Differentiated Products: A Chamberlinian-Ricardian Model: A Comment |
|
w12927 |
Elhanan Helpman Marc Melitz Yona Rubinstein
|
Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes |
|
w12914 |
David Hummels Volodymyr Lugovskyy Alexandre Skiba
|
The Trade Reducing Effects of Market Power in International Shipping |
|
w12904 |
Sebastian Edwards
|
On Current Account Surpluses and the Correction of Global Imbalances |
|
w12884 |
Eric V. Edmonds Nina Pavcnik Petia Topalova
|
Trade Adjustment and Human Capital Investments: Evidence from Indian Tariff Reform |
|
w12872 |
James R. Markusen Natalia Trofimenko
|
Teaching Locals New Tricks: Foreign Experts as a Channel of Knowledge Transfers |
|
w12861 |
Andrew Atkeson Ariel Burstein
|
Pricing-to-Market in a Ricardian Model of International Trade |
|
w12855 |
Pol Antràs Mihir A. Desai C. Fritz Foley
|
Multinational Firms, FDI Flows and Imperfect Capital Markets |
|
w12832 |
Eric A. Hanushek Ludger Woessmann
|
The Role of School Improvement in Economic Development |
|
w12818 |
Raymond Fisman Peter Moustakerski Shang-Jin Wei
|
Outsourcing Tariff Evasion: A New Explanation for Entrepot Trade |
|
w12816 |
James R. Markusen Bridget Strand
|
Trade in Business Services in General Equilibrium |
|
w12750 |
Joshua Aizenman Kenneth Kletzer Brian Pinto
|
Economic Growth with Constraints on Tax Revenues and Public Debt: Implications for Fiscal Policy and Cross-Country Differences |